In this type of alienation, the AP expects the child to choose him/her while rejecting
the other parent (Balmer ,2018; Verrocchio et al., 2017). In addition, Balmer (2018) and
Verrocchio et al. (2017) found that the AP makes it mandatory for the child to denounce
the TP and those who comply with the directive are rewarded. This essentially implies
that the AP forces the child to choose between them and the TP. Forcing a child to make
a decision about preserving an association with AP while discarding the TP would
seem like a painful decision which has the propensity to provoke both stress and
anxiety in them. In addition, this demand that children choose one parent while
denouncing the other has the effects of children feeling stuck in the centre of a skirmish
between their parents (Kruk, 2018; Verrocchio et al., 2017). Moreover, Kruk (2018) and
Verrocchio et al. (2017) posit that this experience is accountable for a conflict of loyalty
in the offspring. This is largely because the child dreads losing the alienating parent’s
love, appreciation or approval. Additionally, Harman et al. (2018) and Verrocchio et al.
(2017) have described this tactic as a form of terrorism meted on the children by the
Ap’s and which they have identified as a form of child abuse. While children struggle
with these negative stressful emotions emanating from feelings of guilt for having
betrayed one parent, it would be challenging for them to flourish.